![](https://cdn.carnegiecouncil.org/media/people/_400x400_crop_center-center_none_ns/Ira-Katznelson.jpeg?v=1721373474)
Ira Katznelson is the Ruggles Professor of Political Science and History at Columbia University.
Featured Work
![Desolation and Enlightenment book cover](https://cdn.carnegiecouncil.org/media/cceia/_1000x650_crop_center-center_none_ns/1120_katznelson_cover_2023-04-10-055349_oqsy.gif?v=1721250452)
FEB 2, 2004 • Article
Desolation and Enlightenment--History or Memory?
The "desolation" of the 20th century--the total war of the two World Wars, the totalitarian regimes of both the right and left, and the Holocaust--has ...