Bio
Sandy Africa is director at the Institute for Strategic and Political Affairs at the University of Pretoria in Pretoria, South Africa. She has also been associate professor within the department of political sciences since 2008.
Africa has served as deputy director-general corporate services of the State Security Agency in South Africa's government and as an independent consultant to various other government agencies. She has also worked within the Ministry for Intelligence Services, the South African Secret Service, the National Intelligence Agency, and the African National Congress.
Africa has authored various publications, including The policy evolution of the South African civilian intelligence services: 1994 to 2009 and beyond, in Strategic Review for Southern Africa Vol XXXIV No.1. May 2012, The transformation of the South African Security Sector: Lessons and Challenges, Policy paper No 33., and Well-kept secrets. The right of access to information and the South African intelligence services. She has co-authored, with R. Pretorius, ""South Africa, the Africa Union and the responsibility to protect: The case of Libya,"" African Human Rights Law Journal, Vol .12.
Africa received the gold and silver Intelligence Services Award for Outstanding Leadership in 2006 and 2005, respectively. She holds a Ph.D. in Management from the University of Witwatersrand and a MA in African Politics from the University of South Africa.